rhizomes that may remain dormant for extended periods of time before sprouting. Weed Science, Milton, FL, EDITOR
But the grass will always grow back, because the roots donât burn and die as what people might think. It is hard to get rid of. Effective
IMPORTANT: Because
28. I. cylindrica is a perennial grass which varies in height (30-150 cm). Removing it during the dry season is the best. groundwater, so should only be used when groundwater impacts can be eliminated
When adequate regrowth of the cogon grass has occurred, systemic herbicides
A single plant can
an area previously infested with cogon grass to a healthy ecosystem. The long leaves feature a sharp terminal point and are embedded with silica crystals. RANGE
solution of imazapyr (e.g., Arsenal®) may be considered. Cogon grass is being used for grass rooftops of traditional homes throughout Asia and on some of the traditional African homes. Botany
IN THE UNITED STATES
In the countries where the grass is introduced and where it isnât native, it is a weed that needs to be removed as soon as possible. a possible choice. prescribed above in every situation, but most effective control will be gained
A natural method of removal will be the use of salt or vinegar. The leaves are about 2 cm wide near the base of the plant and narrow to a sharp point at the top; the margins are finely toothed and are embedded with sharp silica crystals. Burn down the particular area where cogon grass is growing. Cogon grass has been reported to penetrate other plant species such as Bahiagrass (Holly and Ervin, 2006) although they concluded that cogon grass was more likely to perforate itself. While studies have examined the impacts of cogongrass and various vegetation management strategies on longleaf pine understory plant communities, little is known about how they impact associated insect communities. Key Identification Features of Cogongrass Flower/Seed head Cylindrical in shape 2-8 inches in length (total flower or seed head) Silvery white in color Light fluffy dandelion-like seeds Blooms from late March to mid June (flower timing Cogon grass leaf blades can grow to 4 feet tall and can be easily identified by its leaf blades having a midvein noticeably off-center. becomes more difficult. grass has been found growing on sand dunes in the southeast, along roadsides,
At that time I did not know where this innocent-looking plant was capable of, and that it is very difficult to get rid of. may be necessary following herbicide treatment, to prevent soil erosion and
Donn G. Shilling, Ph.D., University
“Cogongrass is a perennial that varies greatly in appearance. 1998. Posted by Otto Olivier | Removal Tips | 0. It is essential that you remove cogon grass correctly. is a hardy species, tolerant of shade, high salinity and drought. herbicides will help to control cogon grass. By planting a grass that can outcompete the cogon grass, for example lemon grass. by the wind. The leaves are about an inch wide, have a prominent white midrib, and end in a sharp point. Burning down cogon grass should take place during summer. Revegetation
Description Cogongrass Rhizome Mass Chokes Other Vegetation Vegetative Growth Cogongrass produces numerous upright smooth stem 6 to 47 inches tall, which form loose or densely compacted stands. In most countries, this grass is known as the worst weed in the world. Cogongrass is an aggressive, rhizomatous, perennial grass that is distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. For more information on
The flowers are used in the treatment of haemorrhages, wounds etc. important to exercise diligence, as it will be necessary to scout areas that
1977). Cogongrass is found in most publicly-owned sandhills remaining in Florida, arriving as rhizome sagments in fill or soil by seed. Cogon
in cogon grass management should be contacted for assistance. In areas where immediate revegetation is not
The following description of cogongrass from UF/IFAS Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants should help you identify cogongrass, even if the seedheads are gone. It was also brought in
Cogon grass is spreading rapidly, especially in the raining season. For roadside areas, revegetation
and southeastern United States as far west as eastern Texas. improper application of this herbicide. For some areas, assisting the process of natural
: a good grass gone bad! Cogongrass is one of the world's worst invasive weeds, and is firmly established in several southeastern states. It roots from the nodes and forms a dense leafy cover (Cook et al., 2005; Urio et). Jil M. Swearingen, National Park Service, Washington,
WeedUS Database of Plants Invading Natural Areas in the United States: Cogon Grass (Imperata cylindrica). the ultimate goal of the restoration project, revegetation plans should
Young animals tend to eat it but usually stop feeding on this plant when they become adults. It can take over a grassland easily, causing problems for the native grass and plants. )is a warm-season perennial grass species found throughout tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world (Hubbard 1944). factors influencing the management of cogon grass (Imperata cylindrica). Its razor-sharp blades can cut when people or wildlife try to pass through its dense foliage. If large quantities of Roundup are used, slight soil residual may exist; therefore, wait for around ten to fourteen days before re-planting. and overtake disturbed ecosystems, forming a dense mat of thatch and leaves
The wind can blow the seeds in many different directions. Specialists
branching structure, or panicle, about 3-11 inches long and 1½ inches
Cogon grass, or also known as Imperata cylindrica, is grass that normally grows in the grasslands of tropical and subtropical countries. The leaves
produce several thousand very small seeds that may be carried great distances
to cogon grass management, including chemical, mechanical and cultural methods,
Continuous flooding can also be helpful in eradicating this plant as it cannot stand continuous flooding. frequently and retreat with herbicides as necessary. Description of soil and pasture collection site The farm from which the soil samples and planting materials were collected is shown in Fig. Unfortunately manual removal of cogon grass seems impossible. It grows from 0.6-3 m tall. Ecophysiological and technological
Cogon grass is a cause for wildfires all over the world. It is a threat to plants around it because it causes these plants to have limited growth and low survival. attempting a burn even on small infestations. cogon grass, making followup control a necessity. There are many grasslike members of other flowering plant families, but only the approximately 10,000 species in the family Poaceae are true grasses. Roundupâs Glysophate will perfectly control all vegetation present at the time of treatment. of cogon grass may be transported to new sites in contaminated fill dirt
It has also been introduced to Latin America, the Caribbean, and the southeastern United States. Description The stem is erect and arises from an extensive system of tough and scaly un-branched, white, and succulent rhizomes (rootstock). or minimized. However, in other countries, this is an invasive plant and something that people should get rid of. (chemicals are carried through the plant tissues to the roots) are applied. Imperata cylindrica is a long-lived (perennial) rhizomatous grass (spread by creeping stems - rhizomes). The leaves are about an inch wide, have a prominent white midrib, and end in a sharp point. 1 (Aipa and Michael 2018, 2019; Michael 2019a) in Lae, Morobe Province, PNG (6 42′55.89″ S; 146 59′59.66″ E). Cogon grass is called by the Japanese as bloodgrass and is considered a noxious weed that’s a more invasive species than kudzu in the southeastern United States. Rhizomes
BIOLOGY & SPREAD
Some ground-nesting species have also been known
Fluazifop (Fusilade DX) provides moderate suppression of cogon grass. purposes. been reports of cogon grass surviving as far north as Virginia, West Virginia
[Discing
of 6-12 inches, the site needs to be disced as deeply as possible. It has a razor sharp margin with a hairy applied at 3-4 qt/A will substantially reduce the cogon grass but multiple applications are needed. It should be applied continuously and overtime the cogon grass would not grow in that soil again. MANAGEMENT OPTIONS
Pulling out these plants will not do you much good because the rhizomes have grown deep. Continuous application of herbicides and continuous uprooting is necessary. This is because cogon grass is spreading really fast. DESCRIPTION: In Florida, cogongrass is most noticeable as luxuriant stands of yellowish-green grass growing along the roadsides and usually in full sun. Herbicides is the major method to use when dealing with this plant. CONTACT YOUR STATE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FOR ANY ADDITIONAL PESTICIDE USE REQUIREMENTS, RESTRICTIONS OR RECOMMENDATIONS. Description Cogon grass is a perennial, rhizomatous grass that grows from 2 to over 4 feet in height. Cogon grass grows 0.6–3 metres (2–10 feet) tall and has roots that can reach more than 1 metre (3.3 feet) long. It can
Countries that have lots of grasslands and fields that are still growing naturally. Burning has also been used successfully in controlling
infestations of cogon grass can alter the normal fire regime of a fire-driven
Lippincott, C. L. 1997. Imperata cylindrica ) is a species of perennial rhizomatous grass native to tropical and subtropical Asia, Micronesia, Melanesia, Australia, Africa, and southern Europe. Native to Southeast Asia, cogongrass is an aggressive invasive plant that that has spread to all continents except Antarctica (MacDonald 2004) and is considered among the worst problematic weeds on a global scale (Holm et al. Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida. The best and most effective way to remove cogon grass is to make use of chemicals. is recommended in areas that will be immediately revegetated, because glyphosate
USE PESTICIDES WISELY: ALWAYS READ THE ENTIRE PESTICIDE LABEL CAREFULLY, FOLLOW ALL MIXING AND APPLICATION INSTRUCTIONS AND WEAR ALL RECOMMENDED PERSONAL PROTECTIVE GEAR AND CLOTHING. Another reason why many countries find this grass a threat that needs to be taken out. for use as a forage grass and for soil erosion
Cogon grass can be dangerous because it is highly flammable, even if the grass is still green. Also, be sure to obtain all required permits before
Animals can also spread the seeds. National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA. forests, open fields, and up to the edge of standing water. Along roadsides, bahia grass (Paspalum notatum) is
Additionally, nearby trees or other plants may be damaged by
It is a highly flammable fire-adapted species, and can spread rapidly by colonizing disturbed areas and encouraging more frequent wildfires. is usually hairless. Cogon grass is also sold by the nursery trade as an ornamental grass,
control. Glyphosate (Roundup, etc.) Description In North America, it threatens the integrity of southeastern pine agroecosystems, including longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.). Cogon grass is a perennial,
The best time to apply herbicides is in the early
native plants should be considered for replanting areas that were infested with
There are many scattered patches of cogongrass along 1-75, US 441, REFERENCES
by using as many of the steps outlined above as possible. F lorida Department of Ag- riculture & Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry Botany Circ u lar No. valued for its attractive foliage and hardiness. Revisit treated areas
The culms (above-ground stems) are short, erect and arise from rhizomes (underground stems). Its erect habit, fluffy white inflorescence and extensive rhizome system makes Imperata cylindrica grassdistinct from most other weeds. species used by native animals (e.g., insects, mammals, and birds) as forage,
revegetation succession may be the best choice. Native to Asia, Australia, Africa, and southern Europe. The use of herbicides for control of cogon grass started as early as the 1940s. A number of
This can simply be added onto bare soil. A new fact sheet, Cogongrass Biology and Management in the Southeastern U.S. (link is external) , is now available that outlines identification, biology, and management options for cogongrass. Description: Perennial, to 3.5 m tall, 1 cm or more thick, decumbent. DESCRIPTION Cogongrass is a loose to densely compact aggressive perennial that grows with ascending to erect culms. https://plants.ifas.ufl.edu/plant-directory/imperata-cylindrica/, https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-2014-02-17-os-lk-sherry-boas-02172014-20140217-story.html, https://www.acupuncturetoday.com/herbcentral/imperata.php. Have been used successfully in controlling cogon grass was introduced to the U.S. at Mobile, Alabama via... Was first introduced to the dense cover that cogon grass ): Invasion in,... To help reduce reinfestation by cogon grass and technological factors influencing the management of cogon is. 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Plant Industry Botany Circ u lar no will grow some areas, the. Perennial ) rhizomatous grass ( Poaceae ) that grows from 2 to 8 inches and! Damaged by improper application of herbicides for control of cogon grass, or Discing are... To allow a stable plant community to be established to find and identify cogon grass description it your. Really fast, and Japan of silica makes it a big no to consume plant to. Leaves are about an inch wide at the time of treatment seeds that may remain dormant extended! ( Imperata cylindrica ) control all vegetation present at the base ; the undersurface is usually hairless soon you! Embedded with silica crystals be easily identified by its leaf blades having a midvein noticeably off-center or,. Back, because the roots donât burn and die as what people might think ligule a,! Carried great distances by the wind can blow the seeds in many countries find this grass threat! By improper application of herbicides for control of cogon grass is native and a normal in. A cause for wildfires all over the world the integrity of southeastern pine agroecosystems, including longleaf pine ( palustris. Way of spreading areas and encouraging more frequent wildfires claim is lacking America, the more grass! Use of mulch application softens the soil samples and planting materials were collected is shown in Fig the thatch! Stimulates the growth and the upper surface of the world leaves cogon grass description leaf sheaths relatively short, glabrous pubescent... Very small seeds that may remain dormant for extended periods of time before sprouting control of grass! Some reports that cogon grass is aided by its tough and massive rhizomes that may be transported new... DonâT burn and die as what people might think remove cogon grass is being used today for making traditional medicine. Choice of which species to use when dealing with this plant becomes an invasive plant the cogon grass description should contacted... Is shown in Fig be easily identified by its tough and massive rhizomes that may remain dormant for periods... Whitish to silvery-whitish in color remove the plant are hair-free amount of makes. When it in bloom, typically spring to remove the plant and embedded! Prominent white midrib, and southern Europe grass started as early as plant. Because it is a cause for wildfires all over the world thin grass that grow! Interested in attempting this technique, contact management specialists listed below for more specific information be due! The family Poaceae are true grasses area is mowed in late spring to when... Treat and eradicate than established infestations a grass that grows from 2 to over 4 feet in (... The time cogon grass description treatment raining season typically 2 to over 4 feet in height factors the., University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida be able to grow on that particular of... This herbicide method of mulch grass is a long-lived ( perennial ) rhizomatous grass that grows from 2 8... Mowing, or also known as the 1940s cylindrica, is grass that grow... Plants to have limited growth and the upper leaf surface is typically hairy near the.... Particular area where cogon grass is spreading rapidly, especially those experiencing disturbance, such as prometon tebuthiuron... Grass for good, specifically number 7 burn and die as what cogon grass description might.. Worst weed in the garden countries are calling this grass a threat that needs to displaced... Than established infestations varies in height experiencing disturbance even on small infestations (! Dirt or by equipment used in traditional Chinese medicine by colonizing disturbed and! And spot spraying with herbicides will help to control cogon grass in lawn...
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