Provided by USDA NRCS Bismarck PMC (NDPMC). In 2016, 20% of U.S. … Genus Tilia are deciduous trees with broadly ovate or heart-shaped leaves and pendulous clusters of fragrant yellow-green flowers, followed by conspicuous winged fruits Details T. cordata is a medium-sized deciduous tree with a spreading or rounded crown, and glossy dark green, heart-shaped leaves to 8cm in length, turning yellow in autumn. Ornamental features include fragrant pale yellow flowers in late spring, small nutlets with attached leafy wings (to 3.5” long) and ovate, shiny dark green leaves (to 3” long) with acuminate tips, serrate margins and cordate bases. successfully grown in urban areas where air pollution, poor drainage, compacted soil, and/or drought are … USDA NRCS ND State Soil Conservation Committee; NDSU Extension and Western Area Power Administration, Bismarck. It is hardy to zone (UK) 3 and is not frost tender. The upright branches are ascending and uniform which lends itself to being planted as avenues. Tilia cordata, commonly called littleleaf linden, is native to Europe. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Bees. long (7cm), turning yellow in the fall. Tilia cordata. Although T. tomentosa does not poison bees, insecticide application to the tree can. Best for the larger garden, Tilia cordata is a fantastic tree to grow for wildlife – providing nesting sites for birds, food for caterpillars and fragrant summer flowers for bees. The glossy, dark green leaves are heart-shaped and turn a yellow-ish green in autumn. Tilia cordata is a deciduous tree growing to 20–40 m (66–131 ft) tall, diameter 1/3 to 1/2 the height, with a trunk up to 1 m diameter. Tilia Tilia tomentosa, cultivated at the Morton Arboretum near Chicago Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Tracheophytes Clade: Angiosperms Clade: Eudicots Clade: Rosids Order: Malvales Family: Malvaceae Subfamily: Tilioideae Genus: Tilia L. Species About 30 Tilia is a genus of about 30 species of trees or bushes, native throughout most of the temperate Northern Hemisphere. Spider mites can be troublesome, particularly in hot, dry periods. This adaptable and pollution-tolerant species is commonly planted as a shade tree. It is a great urban tree tolerating poor soil, drought, and air pollution. The Tree Tilia cordata, the Littleleaf Linden tree is native to Europe. Tilia cordata 'Greenspire': 'Greenspire' Littleleaf Linden 1. Chancellor little-leaved linden(Tilia cordata‘Chancellor’): This cultivar is more compact than the species (50 feet tall rather than 70 feet). Good tolerance for urban conditions. The Garden wouldn't be the Garden without our Members, Donors and Volunteers. This tree has a faster growth rate than the species and a dense pyramidal to oval crown which casts deep shade. Description Excellent street tree in the Malvaceae family. It typically thrives in Full Sun and has a Moderate growth rate per year. Greenish yellow leaves, sweet smelling and attractive to bees. Prune for use as hedge or screen. It is a good, tall windbreak tree and is a phenomenal source of nectar for bees. Planting Linden in areas with severe infestations of this pest is not recommended. Aphids can be a problem on Linden causing the production of honeydew. Long-lived, Tilia cordata (Littleleaf Linden) is a large deciduous tree of pyramidal habit in youth, becoming pyramidal-rounded with age. While Tilia cordata has never been collected from the wild in Minnesota, it does readily volunteer from seed in urban landscapes and there's no reason to believe it will never show up in more natural woodland habitats. Though purely ornamental, they are also known as "small leaved lime trees" in honor of their distinctly lime-yellow blooms, small nutlets upon which are attached three-inch leafy wings. In Britain and Ireland they are commonly called lime trees, or lime bushes, although they are not closely rel The Littleleaf Linden Tree grows well in USDA Hardiness Zones 3-7. Densely branched, it is clothed in glossy, heart-shaped, dark green leaves, up to 3 in. American Forests National Tree Register, Species: Littleleaf Linden (Tilia cordata), State: MD Description Tree has one large leader broken away 8′ up with new growth sprouting from it. It can be grown as a screening tree up to about 25 metres high. Tilia cordata is known as a common shade or specimen tree, very symmetrical in shape, pyramidal to oval in outline, densely dark green and shiny-foliaged in Summer, but often overused as a street tree and prone to stress-induced leaf scorch, windthrow, and decline under difficult circumstances. Tilia cordata-- Littleleaf Linden Page 4 Defoliation can be nearly total and mature trees can be killed by severe infestations. The Small Leaved Lime is botanically called Tilia cordata. It has been widely planted in the U.S. as an ornamental shade tree because of its (a) attractive foliage, (b) dense, low-branched, pyramidal to ovate form and (c) tolerance for urban conditions. Powdery mildew, leaf spots and canker may occur. Edward F. Gilman and Dennis G. Watson 2. It is more ideally suited for a northern climate than for the south. Tilia trees are occasionally treated with insecticides against aphids. The tree grows in sun or partial shade, will tolerate alkaline soil if it is moist, and it transplants well. Suggested Use: Shade Tree, Street Tree, Flowering Tree. Flowers give way to nutlets that are attached to narrow bract-like wings (top 3.5” long). slowly maturing at about 60' tall by 40' wide under average urban lawn conditions, but often only 20' tall by 10' wide when used as a street tree under urban stress conditions, yet over 80' tall by 60' wide under optimum growth conditions, upright pyramidal growth habit in youth, becoming rounded oval with age, medium growth rate (slow growth rate when under stress), performs best in full sun in moist, well-drained, deep, rich soils of neutral to alkaline pH; somewhat adaptable to less optimum conditions or soils of acidic pH, but not especially urban tolerant (especially to heat, drought, poor soils, restricted root zones, and pollution) and often suffering significant leaf scorch, stunting, and windthrow when transplanted to sites with stressful conditions, propagated primarily by grafting cultivar stem cuttings onto seedling rootstock, Linden Family, with numerous diseases (including sooty mold on the foliage) and pests (especially aphids and Japanese Beetles that attack the foliage) that can cause serious cosmetic damage to the foliage; these biotic stresses are often exacerbated under conditions of abiotic stress, abundantly available in ball and burlap form, young trees, with their densely twiggy canopy in both Summer and Winter, are subject to windthrow after transplanting, and should be staked for their first three years of re-establishment, Littleleaf Linden is somewhat sensitive to being transplanted in Autumn, and care should be taken to amend the soil, fertilize, water thoroughly, mulch adequately, and avoid Winter salt spray, to enhance survival chances during the first Winter, emerging light green but quickly transitioning to dark green and semi-glossy on the upper surfaces, ovate, serrated, with a wide cordate base and a short acuminate apex; leaf blade 2.5" long and wide, with a 1" long petiole, foliage is densely arranged along the thick twigs and branches, casting a dense shade even from young trees, lower leaf surfaces are a lighter color, and are somewhat exposed as the foliage (with a wide blade base and relatively long petiole for each leaf) flutters in the breeze, fall color is chartreuse in many years but golden-yellow in the best years, and often colors best when under stress, creamy yellow, moderately fragrant, and attracting numerous bees, in June and early July, as pendulous inflorescences from the very showy, lime-colored, elongated and curving bracts, the latter of which show up well against the dense background of medium- to dark green fully-expanded foliage, small round nutlets with a rough surface, initially pale green, in pendulous clusters from the pale yellow bracts, maturing in Autumn to a light tan color and semi-persistent (along with the curving bracts) into early Winter, stems mature as red-brown, smooth, slightly zig-zag, and densely twiggy, with reddish, shiny, ovoid, prominent Winter buds, branches and the straight young trunk are reddish-brown and very smooth, bark becomes lightly furrowed and gray-brown after a few years, then develops a dark gray color with prominent ridges and deep furrows with maturity, ovate leaves are shiny, dark green above and lighter green below, densely arranged in alternative fashion along the dense branches and zig-zag twigs, fluttering in the breezes of Summer, inflorescences are creamy yellow and fragrant, attracting many bees, hanging from the showy lime-colored curvilinear bracts, in June and early July, growth habit is pyramidal to tear-drop shaped, formal, dense, and stately, maintaining a central leader for much of its vertical growth, with many dense lateral branches of relatively small caliper from the trunk, often found so densely at the base of the canopy that they appear in whorled fashion around the trunk at about five to seven feet off the ground, becoming less densely arranged in the middle and upper reaches of the canopy, shade, specimen, or focal point tree, noted for its symmetrical branching, pyramidal growth habit, and dense shade, often inappropriately used as a street tree in locations with poor soils, restricted root zones, and seasonal drought, but properly used as a street tree under conditions where site soil and moisture are more optimal, especially when the cultivar 'Greenspire' is used, often trimmed into "tree hedge form" in Europe, very formal appearance (symmetrical branching and tight pyramidal growth habit, especially in youth), dense shade, with shiny dark green foliage that flutters in the breeze, mildly fragrant inflorescences in June and early July, ornamental bracts are lime-colored throughout most of the Summer, and persist into early Winter as tan bracts with miniature round fruits, not especially urban tolerant, especially when used as a street tree (leaf scorch, windthrow, and decline become evident under stressful conditions; use, foliage may be severely damaged on an annual basis by Japanese Beetles, especially when the trees are found as monocultures in the urban landscape, flowers attract many bees in early Summer, dense shade trees of moderate stature at maturity under average urban conditions, trees noted for their symmetrical or formal shape, especially in youth, street trees more tolerant of urban stresses. Chronic pain affects millions of people around the world. The bark is smooth and grayish when young, firm with vertical ridges and horizontal fissures when older. The Basswood variety of the linden tree offers a great yard addition for those looking to … In one outstanding case, over 50 000 bumblebees died under T. cordata trees in Wilsonville, Oregon . Tilia cordata Linden Tree, Small-leaved Lime A medium sized deciduous tree with a spreading, rounded crown. Greenspire little-leaved linden (Tilia cordata‘Greenspire’): This cultivar also grows shorter than the species (50 feet). Tolerant of heavy pruning, and may be grown as a hedge. Fragrant, creamy yellow flowers in drooping cymes appear in June. Tilia cordata or the Small Leaved Lime is a deciduous tree from European woodland settings that grows to 20m or so in height with an attractive domed crown outline. Not only does the small-leaved lime’s blossom produce a sweet scent and pleasantly minty honey, its leaves support the caterpillars of moths such as the lime hawk, peppered and vapourer. It is more tolerant of heat and compact soil than American Basswood. It is not particularly tolerant of drought, scorching at the leaf margins in summer drought. Easily grown in average, medium, well-drained soils in full sun to part shade. But this apparently does little long-term harm. As the name suggests, the Little Leaf Linden (Tilia cordata) has smaller leaves than others in its genus. Shaded area represents potential planting range. Several instances of bumblebee deaths under T. cordata have recently occurred in Oregon, USA. Lime, small-leaved (Tilia cordata) Charming, sturdy, pollinator-magnet. Nutlets ripen in late summer. The small-leaved lime, Tilia cordata is a medium- to large-sized deciduous tree native to the UK and other parts of Europe. Tilia cordata, commonly called littleleaf linden, is native to Europe. Cornithian® little-leaved linden (Tilia cordata‘Corzam’): Narrow-pyramidal shape formed by a straight central trunk and evenly spaced branching. North Dakota tree handbook. It has been widely planted in the U.S. as an ornamental shade tree because of its (a) attractive foliage, (b) dense, low-branched, pyramidal to ovate form and (c) tolerance for urban conditions. No serious insect or disease problems. The leaves are smaller than the species adding a delicate touch to the tree. Tilia cordata is a deciduous Tree growing to 30 m (98ft) by 12 m (39ft) at a medium rate. Usage Requirements. The genus Tilia comprises some 30 species most of which are native in the temperate zones of the Northern hemisphere. The habit is upright in youth and more pyramidal when mature. It is in flower from June to July, and the seeds ripen in October. A number of narrow pyramidal to fastigiate cultivars are available in commerce.Genus name comes from the Latin name for the linden or lime tree, known in southern Sweden as linn and the origin of the name Linnaeus.Specific epithet mean heart-shaped for the leaves. T. cordata often produces more flowers than other linden trees. The Littleleaf Linden Tree does well or … It features leaves which are 2-4 inches wide. Provided by ND State Soil Conservation Committee. The tree likes Sun to half-shade at the location and the soil should be sandy - loamy to loamy. From a landscape standpoint, many consider this species to be the best of the lindens. Tilia cordata 'Greenspire' Photo Locations: The Morton Arboretum - Lisle, IL, The National Arboretum - Washington, DC, Finch Arboretum - Spokane, WA and Arnold Arboretum - Boston, MA See all Tilia . It also produces mannose in its nectar that may be slightly toxic. May reduce mild pain. The crown is rounded in a formal oval shape to pyramidal. The leaves are cordate and the flowers are yellow. Tilia cordata – Small Leaved Lime Elegant tree, vigorous on deep, loamy soils and suitable for woodlands and windbreaks. This is more of a nuisance than a life threatening problem. Shade, lawn tree or street tree. It has heart-shaped leaves, glossy green above with a pale underside. It has been at the center of several bumble bee kills in Oregon. In Finland, small-leaved lime is the northernmost and most common of these so called ‘noble broadleaves’ i.e. The Tree is a deciduous tree, it will be 10 - 30 m (33 - 99 ft) high. Tilia cordata, the deciduous tree brilliantly featured in today's photo, is native to Britain, continental Europe, and western Asia. This deciduous trees grows to 45’ tall but stays under 15’ in width. Tilia cordata Greenspire is a select form of the Small Leaved Linden that is broadly upright in form and ideal for street planting. Tilia cordata‘Greenspire’ -- ‘Greenspire’ Littleleaf Linden Page 2 (tree pit); residential street tree; tree has been Figure 2. United States, ND. Tilia cordata Photo Locations: Longwood Gardens - Kennette Square, PA, The Morton Arboretum - Lisle, IL, Portland, OR, Red Butte Garden - Salt Lake City, UT, The National Arboretum - Washington, DC, Finch Arboretum - Spokane, WA and Arnold Arboretum - Boston, MA Branching is upright and increases in density with age. Verticillium wilt is infrequent, but can be fatal. temperate broadleaf trees. This is a medium to large deciduous tree, typically growing to 50-70’ (less frequently to 100’) tall. When a tree is in full bloom, bees often visit in such abundant numbers that humming can be heard many feet from the tree. Littleleaf Linden is often found as a small- to medium-sized, densely-foliaged shade tree or street tree, with a highly symmetrical teardrop shape and dense branching habit, especially in youth. Tilia cordata is a medium-sized, round-headed, deciduous tree that produces sweet-scented flowers in spring which are great for bees. Prefers moist, fertile, well-drained loams, but adapts to a wide range of soil conditions. Tilia cordata. Many native bees and wasps do not have the enzyme to break down mannose. Insect visitors include borers, scale, leaf miner, lace bugs, caterpillars, aphids and Japanese beetles. It has serrated edged, leathery leaves that are almost round apart from a pointed tip that are mid green on top and a lighter grey/green under along with a hairy coating. The tree serves as a veritable medicine cabinet, offering treatments for restlessness, hysteria, headaches, colds, fevers, inflammation, coughs, high blood pressure, infection, and other ailments as well. They are simple heart shaped leaves with the characteristic cordate base and short acuminate tip. Once full grown they can reach a height of 50-70 Feet and 35-50 Feet in spread. 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