Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. It is derived from the Sanskrit root “yuj”, meaning “to unite”, “to join” but also “to subjugate”, “to discipline” and “to control”. Aranyaka, Upanishad, Veda. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Baddha - Bound, caught, restrained, firm. Yoga : Union (original verb Yuj is to join) Yoga is to join Atman (individual consciousness) with Param Atman (universal consciousness) Yogi / Siddha : One who has reached the state of Union. Patanjali: compiler of the Yoga Sutra, who lived c. 150 C.E. ida-nadi, Prajna (“wisdom”): the opposite of spiritual ignorance (ajnana, avidya); one of two means of liberation in Buddhist yoga, the other being skillful means (upaya), i.e., compassion (karuna), Prakriti (“creatrix”): nature, which is multilevel and, according to Patanjali’s yoga-darshana, consists of an eternal dimension (called pradhana or “foundation”), levels of subtle existence (called sukshma-parvan), and the physical or coarse realm (called sthula-parvan); all of nature is deemed unconscious (acit), and therefore it is viewed as being in opposition to the transcendental Self or Spirit (purusha), Prakriti-laya (“merging into Nature”): a high-level state of existence that falls short of actual liberation (kaivalya); the being who has attained that state, Prana (“life/breath”): life in general; the life force sustaining the body; the breath as an external manifestation of the subtle life force, Pranayama (from prana and ayama, “life/breath extension”): breath control, the fourth limb (anga) of Patanjali’s eigthfold path, consisting of conscious inhalation (puraka) retention (kumbhaka) and exhalation (recaka); at an advanced state, breath retention occurs spontaneously for longer periods of time, Prasada (“grace/clarity”): divine grace; mental clarity, Pratyahara (“withdrawal”): sensory inhibition, the fifth limb (anga) of Patanjali’s eightfold path, Puja (“worship”): ritual worship, which is an important aspect of many forms of yoga, notably bhakti yoga and Tantra, Puraka (“filling in”): inhalation, an aspect of breath control (pranayama), Purana (“Ancient [History]”): a type of popular encyclopedia dealing with royal genealogy, cosmology, philosophy, and ritual; there are eighteen major and many more minor works of this nature, Purusha (“male”): the transcendental Self (atman) or Spirit, a designation that is mostly used in Samkhya and Patanjali’s yoga-darshana, Radha: the God-man Krishna’s spouse; a name of the divine Mother, Raja-Yoga (“Royal Yoga”): a late medieval designation of Patanjali’s eightfold yoga-darshana, also known as classical yoga, Rama: an incarnation of God Vishnu preceding Krishna; the principal hero of the Ramayana, Ramayana (“Rama’s life”): one of India’s two great national epics telling the story of Rama; cf. Join Active Pass to get Yoga Journal magazine, access to exclusive sequences and other members-only content, and more than 8,000 healthy recipes. Recognition of word forms is usefull to an extant; however, regarding the history and meanings of words not much of that will be found here. It's also not referring to the union of mind and body, although, this is commonly repeated within the yoga community. Start studying Yoga Sanskrit Root. manas, Cakra or Chakra (“wheel”): literally, the wheel of a wagon; metaphorically, one of the psycho-energetic centers of the subtle body (sukshma-sharira); in Buddhist yoga, five such centers are known, while in Hindu yoga often seven or more such centers are mentioned: mula-adhara-cakra (muladhara-cakra) at the base of the spine, svadhishthana-cakra at the genitals, manipura-cakra at the navel, anahata-cakra at the heart, vishuddha-cakra or vishuddhi-cakra at the throat, ajna-cakra in the middle of the head, and sahasrara-cakra at the top of the head, Cin-mudra (“consciousness seal”): a common hand gesture (mudra) in meditation (dhyana), which is formed by bringing the tips of the index finger and the thumb together, while the remaining fingers are kept straight, Cit (“consciousness”): the superconscious ultimate Reality (see atman, brahman), Citta (“that which is conscious”): ordinary consciousness, the mind, as opposed to cit, Read Gheranda Samhita/Commentary on the Yoga Teachings of Maharshi Gheranda, Darshana (“seeing”): vision in the literal and metaphorical sense; a system of philosophy, such as the yoga-darshana of Patanjali; cf. drishti, Deva (“he who is shining”): a male deity, such as Shiva, Vishnu, or Krishna, either in the sense of the ultimate Reality or a high angelic being, Devi (“she who is shining”): a female deity such as Parvati, Lakshmi, or Radha, either in the sense of the ultimate Reality (in its feminine pole) or a high angelic being, Dharana (“holding”): concentration, the sixth limb (anga) of Patanjali’s eight-limbed yoga, Dharma (“bearer”): a term of numerous meanings; often used in the sense of “law,” “lawfulness,” “virtue,” “righteousness,” “norm”, Dhyana (“ideating”): meditation, the seventh limb (anga) of Patanjali’s eight-limbed yoga, Diksha (“initiation”): the act and condition of induction into the hidden aspects of yoga or a particular lineage of teachers; all traditional yoga is initiatory, Drishti (“view/sight”): yogic gazing, such as at the tip of the nose or the spot between the eyebrows; cf. Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. vairagya, Samnyasin (“he who has cast off”): a renouncer, Samsara (“confluence”): the finite world of change, as opposed to the ultimate Reality (brahman or nirvana), Samskara (“activator”): the subconscious impression left behind by each act of volition, which, in turn, leads to renewed psychomental activity; the countless samskaras hidden in the depth of the mind are ultimately eliminated only in asamprajnata-samadhi (see samadhi), Samyama (“constraint”): the combined practice of concentration (dharana), meditation (dhyana), and ecstasy (samadhi) in regard to the same object, Sat (“being/reality/truth”): the ultimate Reality (atman or brahman), Sat-sanga (“true company/company of Truth”): the practice of frequenting the good company of saints, sages, Self-realized adepts, and their disciples, in whose company the ultimate Reality can be felt more palpably, Satya (“truth/truthfulness”): truth, a designation of the ultimate Reality; also the practice of truthfulness, which is an aspect of moral discipline (yama), Shakti (“power”): the ultimate Reality in its feminine aspect, or the power pole of the Divine; see also kundalini-shakti, Shakti-pata (“descent of power”): the process of initiation, or spiritual baptism, by means of the benign transmission of an advanced or even enlightened adept (siddha), which awakens the shakti within a disciple, thereby initiating or enhancing the process of liberation, Shankara (“He who is benevolent”): the eighth-century adept who was the greatest proponent of nondualism (Advaita Vedanta) and whose philosophical school was probably responsible for the decline of Buddhism in India, Shishya (“student/disciple”): the initiated disciple of a guru, Shiva (“He who is benign”): the Divine; a deity that has served yogins as an archetypal model throughout the ages, Shiva-Sutra (“Shiva’s Aphorisms”): like the Yoga Sutra of Patanjali, a classical work on yoga, as taught in the Shaivism of Kashmir; authored by Vasugupta (ninth century C.E. 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